During the first major migration in the 11th century, the musical tradition of Sama migrated to South Asia from Turkey. Qawwali was essentially created by Amir Khusrau in the late 13th century in the Mughul Empire. Listeners, and often artists themselves are transported to a state of wajad, a trance-like state where they feel 'one with God', generally considered to be the height of spiritual ecstasy in Sufism. Qawwali music received international exposure through the work of the Sabri Brothers in 1975, late Bakhshi Salamat, Aziz Mian and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, largely due to several releases on the ' Real World' label, followed by live appearances at WOMAD festivals. Although most Qawwali singers are found in Pakistan and they performed mainly at Sufi shrines throughout South Asia, it has also gained mainstream popularity.
Qawwali is a vibrant musical tradition that goes back more than 700 years in South Asia. Qawwali ( Urdu: قوٌالی) is the devotional music of the Chishti Sufis. The Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah was one of the most important patrons of Qawwali and is widely credited for its cultural advancement. Most Ghazal singers are trained in classical music and sing in either Khyal or Thumri. Although the ghazal is most prominently a form of Urdu poetry, today, it has influenced the poetry of many languages. Exotic to the region, as is indicated by the very sounds of the name itself when properly pronounced as ġazal. The ghazal spread into South Asia in the 12th century under the influence of the new Islamic Sultanate courts and Sufi mystics. The ghazals can be written by male poets for women as well as by female poets for men, as an expression of one's feelings about mutual love and whatever comes in that package- accompanying joys, frustrations, disappointments, fulfillment and satisfactions. In its style and content, it is a genre that has proved studied variety of expression around its central theme of love and separation between lovers. The structural requirements of the ghazal are more stringent than those of most poetic forms traditionally written in English. A ghazal can thus be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation of the lover and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. Ghazals are traditionally expressions of love, separation and loneliness, for which the gazelle is an appropriate image. The animal is called Ghizaal, from which the English word gazelle stems, or Kastori haran (where haran refers to deer) in Urdu. Etymologically, the word literally refers to "the mortal cry of a gazelle". In poetry, the ghazal is a poetic form consisting of couplets which share a rhyme and a refrain.
Talib Hussain was one of the last remaining pakhawaj players of Pakistan and was a recognized practitioner of the Punjab gharana style of drum-type instruments. Shaukat Hussain, Tari Khan and Tafo Khan have been exponents of classical tabla playing from Pakistan. Ustad Rais Khan is another prominent sitar player of Pakistan. The legendary sitar player Mohammad Sharif Khan Poonchwaley belongs to Poonch gharana of sitar. Some classical musicians like Ustad Badar uz Zaman do not belong to any famous gharana but has served classical music enormously. Number of other gharanas are present in Pakistan which serve classical music. Some famous gharanas are: Qwaal Bacha gharana ( Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan and Rahat Fateh Ali Khan belong to this gharana), and Patiala Gharana ( Shafqat Amanat Ali Khan belongs to this gharana).Ustad Ghulam Farid Nizami a prominent sitar player and a Sufi singer belongs to the Senia Gharana. There are many families from gharanas of classical music who inherited the music from their forefathers and are still performing. Improvisation plays a major role during a performance. The arrangement of rhythm (lai) in a cycle is known as taal. The systematic organization of musical notes into a scale is known as a raag. The classical music of Pakistan has two main principles, ‘sur’ (musical note) and ‘lai’ (rhythm). The classical music of Pakistan is based on the traditional music of Hindu culture which was patronized by various empires that ruled the region and gave birth to several genres of classic music including the Klasik and Hindustani classical music.
0 kommentar(er)
